As of CC 2020, the uuid string key (a unique object identifier) has been added to the Adobe Illustrator object model. It is readable and can be used to retrieve a specific object in a script using the getPageItemFromUuid() method. For example, if you know the object identifier, you can move it: var obj = app.activeDocument.getPageItemFromUuid(439);
obj.translate(100, 0); When you create an object, it gets a temporary uuid that is valid until you close the saved document. When you close it, the object’s new uuid is written to the file.